{"id":600,"date":"2017-12-06T11:43:29","date_gmt":"2017-12-06T11:43:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/avanexa.in\/calmet\/?post_type=articles&p=600"},"modified":"2018-05-17T07:55:44","modified_gmt":"2018-05-17T07:55:44","slug":"stainless-steel-manufacturing-processes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.calmet.com\/fr\/stainless-steel-manufacturing-processes\/","title":{"rendered":"Proc\u00e9d\u00e9s de fabrication de l'acier inoxydable"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Proc\u00e9d\u00e9s de fabrication de l'acier inoxydable<\/span><\/h1>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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L'acier inoxydable est un alliage d'acier contenant du chrome. Les autres \u00e9l\u00e9ments d'alliage peuvent varier selon les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s structurales et chimiques recherch\u00e9es. Il est utilis\u00e9 dans de nombreux domaines, de l'automobile aux composants de navires, en passant par les biens de consommation, les mat\u00e9riaux en vrac et les \u00e9quipements de manutention. L'un des principaux avantages de l'acier inoxydable est sa grande r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion, due \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sence de chrome. Il existe plusieurs alliages d'acier inoxydable standard. Sa fabrication est un processus complexe qui comprend les \u00e9tapes suivantes.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Moulage d'acier inoxydable<\/h4>\n\t
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Toutes les mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res sont chauff\u00e9es ensemble dans un four \u00e9lectrique pendant environ 8 \u00e0 12 heures. Une fois fondues, elles sont coul\u00e9es dans des moules aux dimensions requises et laiss\u00e9es refroidir. L'acier inoxydable coul\u00e9 peut se pr\u00e9senter sous forme de pi\u00e8ces rectangulaires, de billettes, de tubes ou de plaques.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

laminage \u00e0 chaud<\/h4>\n\t
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L'acier inoxydable semi-fini subit ensuite un laminage \u00e0 chaud qui r\u00e9duit et uniformise son \u00e9paisseur. Il passe entre deux rouleaux jusqu'\u00e0 obtention de l'\u00e9paisseur sp\u00e9cifi\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

recuit<\/h4>\n\t
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Apr\u00e8s le laminage \u00e0 chaud, le traitement thermique de l'acier inoxydable commence. Le recuit est un traitement thermique consistant \u00e0 chauffer et refroidir l'acier dans des conditions contr\u00f4l\u00e9es afin d'adoucir le produit final. Ce proc\u00e9d\u00e9 permet de r\u00e9duire les contraintes form\u00e9es lors du laminage \u00e0 chaud.<\/p>\n

Parfois, l'acier inoxydable subit \u00e9galement un durcissement structural, un proc\u00e9d\u00e9 qui augmente sa r\u00e9sistance par fusion. Le choix de la temp\u00e9rature de durcissement est crucial. Un chauffage \u00e0 basse temp\u00e9rature conf\u00e8re \u00e0 l'acier inoxydable une r\u00e9sistance \u00e9lev\u00e9e mais une t\u00e9nacit\u00e9 moindre. \u00c0 l'inverse, un chauffage \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature donne un acier inoxydable \u00e0 la t\u00e9nacit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9e mais \u00e0 la r\u00e9sistance moindre.<\/p>\n

Le chauffage en lui-m\u00eame ne modifie pas les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de l'acier inoxydable. En revanche, le refroidissement d\u00e9termine celles du produit final. Apr\u00e8s chauffage \u00e0 environ 900-1000 degr\u00e9s Fahrenheit, l'acier inoxydable est refroidi par des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s tels que la trempe \u00e0 l'eau, o\u00f9 la mati\u00e8re premi\u00e8re est plong\u00e9e dans un bain de glace pendant quelques heures. Ce proc\u00e9d\u00e9 est principalement utilis\u00e9 pour les pi\u00e8ces d'acier \u00e9paisses. Pour les pi\u00e8ces plus fines, on utilise un jet d'air froid sur le m\u00e9tal\u00a0; ce proc\u00e9d\u00e9 est appel\u00e9 grenaillage.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

D\u00e9tartrage<\/h4>\n\t
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Le d\u00e9calaminage est n\u00e9cessaire pour obtenir un produit final plus lisse. Le traitement thermique peut entra\u00eener la formation de calamine sur l'acier. La m\u00e9thode de d\u00e9calaminage la plus courante est le d\u00e9capage chimique, qui utilise des acides pour d\u00e9calaminer l'acier. Le nettoyage \u00e9lectrolytique consiste \u00e0 appliquer un courant \u00e9lectrique \u00e0 la surface \u00e0 l'aide d'acide phosphorique et d'une cathode afin d'\u00e9liminer la calamine. Selon le type d'acier inoxydable, le processus de recuit et de d\u00e9calaminage peut comporter plusieurs \u00e9tapes.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

Finition<\/h4>\n\t
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Il s'agit d'une \u00e9tape cruciale dans la production d'acier inoxydable, car elle d\u00e9termine ses applications et facilite son utilisation. Selon l'application, l'acier peut subir une finition lisse ou rugueuse. Le laminage \u00e0 chaud, le laminage \u00e0 froid, le recuit et le d\u00e9calaminage sont des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s qui d\u00e9pendent de l'utilisation pr\u00e9vue de l'acier inoxydable.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

Traitements compl\u00e9mentaires<\/h4>\n\t
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L'acier inoxydable peut subir des traitements suppl\u00e9mentaires en fonction de ses applications industrielles. Il peut \u00eatre mis en forme, subir un traitement thermique additionnel, un d\u00e9calaminage et\/ou un soudage.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L'acier inoxydable est un alliage d'acier contenant du chrome. Les autres \u00e9l\u00e9ments d'alliage peuvent varier selon les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s structurales et chimiques recherch\u00e9es. Il est utilis\u00e9 dans de nombreux domaines, allant de l'automobile aux composants de navires, en passant par les biens de consommation, les mat\u00e9riaux en vrac et les \u00e9quipements de manutention. L'un des principaux avantages de l'acier inoxydable est sa grande r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion, due \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sence de chrome.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":49,"parent":0,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-600","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nStainless Steel Manufacturing Processes in Steel casting foundry<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The manufacturing of stainless steel is a complex process. 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