{"id":669,"date":"2017-12-15T12:24:14","date_gmt":"2017-12-15T12:24:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/avanexa.in\/calmet\/?post_type=articles&p=669"},"modified":"2018-05-17T07:53:59","modified_gmt":"2018-05-17T07:53:59","slug":"metallurgical-aspects-of-steel-galvanization","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.calmet.com\/fr\/metallurgical-aspects-of-steel-galvanization\/","title":{"rendered":"Aspects m\u00e9tallurgiques de la galvanisation de l'acier"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Aspects m\u00e9tallurgiques de la galvanisation de l'acier<\/span><\/h1>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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L'exposition aux \u00e9l\u00e9ments environnementaux peut affecter les composants ou pi\u00e8ces en acier. Les variations de temp\u00e9rature, l'humidit\u00e9 et l'air peuvent provoquer la corrosion de l'acier. Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne engendre une r\u00e9action chimique qui oxyde le fer pr\u00e9sent dans l'acier. Le fer occupant la majeure partie du volume de l'acier, la corrosion entra\u00eene une augmentation de volume et une diminution de la r\u00e9sistance du produit. Il est donc essentiel de pr\u00e9venir cette r\u00e9action chimique afin de pr\u00e9server la qualit\u00e9 de l'acier.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Galvanisation<\/h4>\n\t
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Il existe plusieurs m\u00e9thodes pour prot\u00e9ger l'acier de l'oxydation, et la galvanisation est l'une des plus courantes et des plus fiables. La galvanisation consiste \u00e0 recouvrir l'acier d'une couche de zinc qui le prot\u00e8ge de l'atmosph\u00e8re et, par cons\u00e9quent, de la rouille. Elle peut prot\u00e9ger l'acier pendant environ 15 ans, voire plus. Le zinc fondu est appliqu\u00e9 sur l'acier selon deux proc\u00e9d\u00e9s\u00a0: l'immersion \u00e0 chaud ou le d\u00e9p\u00f4t \u00e9lectrolytique. Ces deux m\u00e9thodes permettent d'emp\u00eacher l'oxydation du fer contenu dans l'acier et donc d'\u00e9viter la corrosion.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

Liaison m\u00e9tallurgique<\/h4>\n\t
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La galvanisation de l'acier cr\u00e9e une barri\u00e8re entre l'atmosph\u00e8re et sa surface. Lors de ce processus, le zinc fondu recouvre l'acier d'une couche de zinc, provoquant une r\u00e9action chimique. Le zinc et le fer pr\u00e9sents dans l'acier forment alors des liaisons d'alliage zinc-fer. Ce rev\u00eatement de zinc conf\u00e8re \u00e0 l'acier une r\u00e9sistance aux chocs. Il accro\u00eet \u00e9galement sa duret\u00e9 et sa ductilit\u00e9, offrant ainsi une meilleure protection \u00e0 la surface. De plus, il prot\u00e8ge l'acier zingu\u00e9 des manipulations brutales. Cependant, l'\u00e9paisseur du rev\u00eatement de zinc n'influe pas sur sa dur\u00e9e de vie, celle-ci d\u00e9pendant de la masse totale du rev\u00eatement.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

Impact de la galvanisation<\/h4>\n\t
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Le zinc est plus \u00e9lectrochimiquement actif que l'acier. Dans un \u00e9lectrolyte, il devient l'anode de l'acier. Ceci emp\u00eache la formation de zones cathodiques et anodiques \u00e0 la surface. Les \u00e9lectrons circulent alors de l'anode en zinc vers l'acier, cr\u00e9ant des ions zinc charg\u00e9s positivement. Par ailleurs, les \u00e9lectrons charg\u00e9s n\u00e9gativement sont attir\u00e9s par les ions hydrog\u00e8ne positifs et r\u00e9agissent avec eux pour former du dihydrog\u00e8ne. Aucune r\u00e9action chimique ne se produit entre l'\u00e9lectrolyte et la cathode en acier. Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne, appel\u00e9 protection cathodique, emp\u00eache la corrosion de l'acier. \u00c0 la surface de l'anode, les ions zinc charg\u00e9s positivement r\u00e9agissent avec les ions hydroxyles charg\u00e9s n\u00e9gativement pr\u00e9sents dans l'\u00e9lectrolyte. Enfin, au fil des ann\u00e9es, m\u00eame en cas de dommages physiques au rev\u00eatement de zinc, la protection cathodique agit comme un bouclier contre la corrosion.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

Pr\u00e9sence d'impuret\u00e9s dans l'acier<\/h4>\n\t
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Le plus souvent, l'acier contient des impuret\u00e9s qui influent sur le processus de galvanisation. Par exemple, le phosphore, en tant qu'impuret\u00e9, permet d'obtenir des rev\u00eatements de zinc plus r\u00e9sistants et d'am\u00e9liorer la r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion. Le silicium agit de fa\u00e7on similaire au zinc lors de la galvanisation. Lorsque le zinc est d\u00e9pos\u00e9 sur la surface de l'acier, le phosphore et le silicium agissent comme catalyseurs et renforcent la liaison zinc-fer, permettant ainsi la formation de couches suppl\u00e9mentaires.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L'exposition aux \u00e9l\u00e9ments environnementaux peut affecter les composants ou pi\u00e8ces en acier. Les variations de temp\u00e9rature, l'humidit\u00e9 et l'air peuvent provoquer la corrosion de l'acier. Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne engendre une r\u00e9action chimique qui oxyde le fer pr\u00e9sent dans l'acier. Le fer occupant la majeure partie du volume de l'acier, la corrosion entra\u00eene une augmentation de volume et une diminution de la r\u00e9sistance du produit. Il est donc essentiel de pr\u00e9venir cette r\u00e9action chimique afin de pr\u00e9server la qualit\u00e9 de l'acier.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":49,"parent":0,"menu_order":9,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-669","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMetallurgical aspects of steel galvanization - Steel Casting<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Metallurgical aspects of steel galvanization includes Galvanization process, Metallurgical bond, Impact of galvanization and Presence of steel impurities.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.calmet.com\/fr\/metallurgical-aspects-of-steel-galvanization\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.calmet.com\/metallurgical-aspects-of-steel-galvanization\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.calmet.com\/metallurgical-aspects-of-steel-galvanization\/\",\"name\":\"Metallurgical aspects of steel galvanization - 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